Harmful Algal Bloom Characterization at Ultra-High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems
نویسندگان
چکیده
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) degrade water quality and produce toxins. The spatial distribution of HAbs may change rapidly due to variations wind, water currents, and population dynamics. Risk assessments, based on traditional sampling methods, are hampered by the sparseness of water sample data points, and delays between sampling and the availability of results. There is a need for local risk assessment and risk management at the spatial and temporal resolution relevant to local human and animal interactions at specific sites and times. Small, unmanned aircraft systems can gather color-infrared reflectance data at appropriate spatial and temporal resolutions, with full control over data collection timing, and short intervals between data gathering and result availability. Data can be interpreted qualitatively, or by generating a blue normalized difference vegetation index (BNDVI) that is correlated with cyanobacterial biomass densities at the water surface, as estimated using a buoyant packed cell volume (BPCV). Correlations between BNDVI and BPCV follow a logarithmic model, with r(2)-values under field conditions from 0.77 to 0.87. These methods provide valuable information that is complimentary to risk assessment data derived from traditional risk assessment methods, and could help to improve risk management at the local level.
منابع مشابه
Optimization of an ultra-high-resolution rectangular pixelated parallel-hole collimator with a CZT pixelated semiconductor detector for HiRe-SPECT system
Introduction: In nuclear medicine, the use of a pixelated semiconductor detector such as CZT is an of growing interest for introducing new devices. Especially, the spatial resolution can be improved by using a pixelated parallel-hole collimator with equal holes and pixel sizes based on the pixelated detector. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of pixelated and ...
متن کاملPotential for Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Applications for Identifying Groundwater-Surface Water Exchange in a Meandering River Reach
The exchange of groundwater and surface water (GW-SW), including dissolved constituents and energy, represents a critical yet challenging characterization problem for hydrogeologists and stream ecologists. Here we describe the use of a suite of high spatial resolution remote sensing techniques, collected using a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS), to provide novel and complementary data to a...
متن کاملUnmanned Aircraft Systems for Sampling Severe Local Storms and Related Phenomena
I. INTRODUCTION To understand and predict the dynamic behavior of our planet's environment over multiple spatial and temporal scales remains an outstanding scientific challenge [1], [2]. More than 50 years of investment and advancements in remote weather sensing systems (satellite-based as well as ground-based radar) have resulted in remarkable capabilities, however these systems cannot deliver...
متن کاملevidence of harmful algal blooms and related oceanographic features in the Bohai Sea during autumn 1998
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are truly global marine phenomena of increasing significance. Some HAB occurrences are different to observe because of their high spatial and temporal variability and their advection, once formed, by surface currents. A serious HAB occurred in the Bohai Sea during autumn 1998, causing the largest fisheries economic loss. The present study analyzes the formation, dist...
متن کاملSpatial and temporal variations in algal blooms in the coastal waters of the western South China Sea
Algal blooms occur frequently in the coastal waters of the western South China Sea (SCS). This paper reports spatial and temporal variations of algal bloom events in these waters from 1993 to 2007. Twenty-five algal bloom events occurred in summer in the coastal waters of South and Central Vietnam where they were associated with wind-induced, coastal, nutrient upwelling and river discharges; a ...
متن کامل